CHAVIN DE HUANTAR TOUR... DAY 3

We realized the night before that I didn't have much memory left on my memory card and we didn't even have a flash drive to transfer all the pictures on it. I swear, if it's not one thing it's another. So we got up extra early to try to find a place that had 8G SD cards because I knew I was going to use up most of the memory on the card by the end of the trip :P We went to various stores and finally found one that was 15 soles cheaper than all the other places.

We headed back to our room to get our bags full of snacks for the day and also stopped by the breakfast cart again. This time, we were a few minutes early to the tour agency office. Within 20 minutes a bus came by to pick us up. It was smaller than the yellow bus from the day before. A woman got on to hand us some kind of brochure/map type of thing that was about this city called Huari. It was a very pretty map but it didn't have much to do with our tour. About 5 minutes later, we were off.

From the very beginning, our guide began talking almost non-stop. Once again, the tour would be in Spanish. We weren't too happy about it but it wasn't bad at all. He seemed like he really knew what he was talking about and made lots of jokes. We laughed quite a lot. During the trip, he told us a legend as to how the Llanganuco lagoons and mountains Huascaran (whas-kah-RAHN) and Huandoy (whan-DOY) were formed. He was surprised to hear that our guide from the day before hadn't told us the legend. There are many versions of this legend but this is what he told us:

A long time ago there was a princess named Huándi (WHAN-dee). She was in love with one of her father's warriors named Huáscar (WHAS-kar). One day, one of her father's guards saw them and told the king. The king then banned his daughter from seeing her lover again but she didn't listen. She snuck out one night to see him but was caught by a guard and taken to her father. He decided to punish her by locking her in a room which had no windows so she wouldn't be able to tell whether it was day or night. When Huascar found out, he got a group of his men to help him rescue her and after they did, they all fled towards the Cordillera Blanca. The king's men were right behind them and since they outnumbered Huascar's group, they quickly captured them. The king then ordered his men to take them up to the top of each mountain, tie them up and leave them to their fates. When the two lovers realized that they were never going to be together again, not even in their last moments alive, they began crying. Their tears formed two lagoons. The "female" lagoon is called Chinancocha (chee-nahn-KOH-cha) and it's the 1.450 meter wide lagoon you get to see when you go on the Llanganuco tour. The "male" lagoon, which is behind Chinancocha, is called Orconcocha (ohr-kohn-KOH-cha) and it's only 368 meters wide. A god saw the two lovers suffering and took pity on them. He decided to spare them by transforming them into two glaciers on the mountain peaks. Mount Huandoy (whan-DOY) was named after Huandi and Mount Huascaran (whas-kah-RAHN) after Huascar.

The guide definitely told the story better than I did but that was my brief summary of it.

We were headed south and our main attraction was going to be the Chavin de Huantar ruins (chah-VEEN deh WHAN-tar) but we were going to see a bunch of other things along the way.

Going to Chavin was completely different from the tour the day before. On this tour we got to see a lot of scenery. There were large, open fields, animals everywhere, mainly sheep and cows, and you could a few snow covered mountain peaks in the distance. It was definitely a pleasant change because everything looked so clean compared to Lima. There were a few small houses along the way. It only took us about 30 minutes to reach our first stop for the day.

Our first stop was Laguna Querococha (lah-GOO-nah keh-roh-KOH-cha).

It was another windy and chilly day. Once again, I had decided not to bring a jacket or anything so I was a bit cold. Behind Querococha you can see a couple of mountain peaks but I don't remember which two it is you can see. We were there for about 25 minutes and during that time I really had to go pee. I had no choice but to use a sort of outhouse thing that smelled terrible :( and seriously scared me because I thought I was going to catch some crazy disease. Needless to say, I got in and out of there as quickly as I could. I had never been in one of those where you could see all the nasty feces at the bottom. You definitely need to make sure you go to the bathroom in your hotel beforehand.

 We got back on the bus and about 30 minutes later, we went through a cool little tunnel that had been vandalized (-_-) by Ollanta (current president) supporters. Just outside the tunnel was a Christ statue and we stopped for a few minutes to take some pictures. It's definitely a little difficult to get pictures of you and your partner when you're not with anyone else because then you have to ask other people to take your pictures. Luckily, there were a few other couples that took our pictures and of course, we took theirs in return. Our guide told us we were headed to a small town to eat before going to the ruins.

From there, we continued our journey to this small town (I forgot the darn name) for lunch, which was deep in this valley. There were dirty, nasty looking pigs loose in the street. Thank god I never have to see the pigs I eat because they probably look like that. A few minutes before we got to our stop, we saw that part of the road had flooded and was really muddy. I thought we were going get stuck. For a minute, I actually wanted to get stuck because the thought of having all the men getting down and dirty to get the car out of there seemed like a pretty entertaining moment to look back on :P but luckily we were able to go on.

We finally got to this small restaurant that was surrounded by flowers. It took a little over an hour to get to the town but at least we were going to have lunch early as opposed to the extremely late lunch from the day before. About 15 minutes after I had begun eating, this GINORMOUS rooster came into the restaurant. He was pretty cute because he just walked in like he owned the place. The food was ok. It didn't get me sick so that was good enough for me.

After lunch we got back on the bus and headed to Chavin. The bus ride took about 30 minutes and once there, we had to pay S/11 each to get in. We were 3,150 m.a.s.l. (meters above sea level) and our guide first took us to this small replica of the ruins to describe some of it before we started walking around. Chavin de Huantar used to be a really famous religious site around 900-200 b.c. It was considered the oldest evidence of Andean civilization until archaeologists found Caral. It's located in the Callejón de Conchucos (kah-yeh-HONE deh kohn-CHOO-kohs: Conchucos valley). Ancient Andean people from all over Peru and possibly Ecuador and Bolivia, would go to to see the powerful priests/oracles.

He had us follow him to this stone block which was just a few meters away and about two meters tall. It was a replica of the Estela Raimondi. He basically told us that that particular stone block explained how the earth and mankind were created according to the ancient Chavin civilization. I would explain it again for you guys but I didn't think I would have to re-tell it so I didn't store it in my limited memory space :P The Chavin civilization is considered to be one of the most influential civilizations in Peru because their influenced has been documented almost all along the Peruvian coast. These people were astronomers, agricultural engineers, architects, and artists. Back then, being a priest wasn't something that was passed down from generation to generation.

Anyone could be a priest but only the most intelligent/clever people were able to pull it off. The Chavinenses (chah-vee-NEN-ses: Chavin people) that studied the stars, weather patterns, animal behavior, etc were able to "predict" when it would rain, how heavy the rain would be, when they should plant the crops, irrigation systems, etc. The people of Chavin revered these beings who could predict the future and gave them the highest position in their society as priests/oracles. From there, we walked about twelve meters away to this plant that looked like a sort of cactus. It's actually called el cactus de San Pedro (San Pedro cactus). The ancient Chavin priests used to drug themselves with this plant so they could "talk" to their animal gods.

The plants' skin, when crushed into a powder form and ingested, made it so that they could hallucinate and while they hallucinated they transform themselves into the same animals as their gods.What was somewhat interesting to me is that they didn't just grab any plant. It had to be one that was separated into seven sections because seven was a sacred number for them.

We had to walk for about 8 minutes until we got to the main square. Some of us were a little out of breath. In front of the main square, you can see the temple and to the left and right of the temple, you have two other buildings.The temple is where the priests lived and underneath the main square is a drainage system that they built. They built this to prevent the area from being flooded during heavy rains and when water used to go through them, it created this loud roaring sound that sounded like that of a large cat. Archaeologists believe they did this to scare away any possible threats or to mimic the sound of a feline god of theirs. Closer to the temple there is this area that has a few holes in the ground that are above one of the canals.  

They used to cover certain holes to make music that would shake the entire temple and be heard throughout the area. From there we walked closer to the temple and the guide pointed out that the temple has a slightly slanted structure and the rocks used to build it had a certain pattern which made the temple virtually earthquake proof. The structures you can see now are part of what they call the new temple. I believe the old temple is built under the new temple. There were a ton of changes made to Chavin. However, to the right of the main temple there is this small circular main square which belonged to the old temple. We walked towards it because there's a small building behind it that we could walk around in.

It seemed like a labyrinth and in one of the entrances, we were able to see el lanzón (lahn-SONE) which looks like an upside down knife and it has this drawing of a god on it. The stature is about five meters tall (about 16 feet). From there, we went back towards the temple so we could go behind it and see the only remaining cabeza clava (kah-BEH-sah KLAH-vah) which literally means nail heads because they look like nails with a head at the top of it but I think the technical name for them is tenon heads. Back when the Spaniards came to Peru, they sacked the place of everything they could and threw the majority of heads in the river. A little over a hundred were recovered and when archaeologists went to Chavin in the early 1900s, there

were two heads remaining but somehow, someone stole one and now only one is left in it's original place. After we saw the cabeza clava, we went to some souvenir stands for a few minutes and then left to go to the Chavin de Huantar Museum. I couldn't hear everything my guide said because Daniel and I were busy taking pictures so we got left behind at times. Archaeologists have found sea shells in Chavin that can only be found in Ecuador. There were at least ten tenon heads for us to see, each with a different face. There was also el obelisco. The obelisk looks like a mini Washington Monument with a lot of carved drawings because it was also considered a god. It's 2.52 meters tall (8ft 3in). After we were done looking at everything in the museum, it was time to head back to Huaraz. The tour finished around five in the afternoon and I believe we were back in Huaraz by 7:30.

Overall the trip was a good experience. I was able to learn more about my culture and after writing this post and actually having to remember everything that I learned, I think I'm much more impressed now by what my people were able to do and accomplish back then.

PERUVIAN FOOD...

I don't want to brag but I just have to. Peruvian food is THE BEST FOOD EVER! That is, when you actually have a good cook making the food :P Ok fine, I'll admit to being biased. It's the only food I've ever really eaten and my mom is a pretty damn good cook and I don't say that just because she's my mom.

WHAT'S PERUVIAN BREAKFAST LIKE?

• EATING AT HOME. As we all know, desayuno (deh-sah-YOO-noh: breakfast) is the most important meal of the day. However, breakfast in Peru isn't like a typical American breakfast you would find at IHOP or Waffle House. We don't have pancakes, waffles, sausages, grits, hash browns, french toast, bagels, muffins, etc. Breakfast at home consists of drinking either milk, tea, coffee and sometimes fruit juices. To eat, you can have some sourdough bread with ham, or a fried egg, or avocado with salt. Yes, I know avocado with salt on bread sounds weird but it's what we eat here. Some other options are toast with butter or jam. We even eat saltine crackers with butter and drink tea with it. My fiance thought it was quite strange but to me it's perfectly normal. He loves it now but I think that's just because it reminds him of me. Avena (ah-VEH-nah) which is often referred to as quaker (KWAH-ker: oatmeal), is another option as well. On weekends when there is time to eat calmly, we have a few options. Tuna with onions, lime juice, and salt on bread or with crackers. Tamales (tah-MAH-lehs) with onions, lime juice, and salt (I'll call it onion salad). And on very special occasions, we eat fried pork pieces known as chicharrón (chee-cha-RONE) with fried sweet potato slices, and onion salad on bread. Definitely not the healthiest meal but it's sooooo good! 

             *NOTE: I'm not encouraging anyone to eat pork while they're here. I got sick from eating pork
                           chops when I first arrived and those were the worst three days of my life! I didn't even get
                           sick like that in Mexico when I was there for a month. My stomach hurt so much! So.... eat
                           pork at your own risk.You may get sick from eating pork and be stuck in bed for a few
                           days which will ruin your plans if you're on a tight schedule. However, I do encourage you
                           to try to make it at home, wherever you come from. Just put some salt on the pork pieces
                           when you fry them. Not everyone likes fried sweet potato so you can omit it if you want.
                           It's good either way :)

• EATING IN THE STREETS. People all over the world these days don't have much time to eat sitting down so they get breakfast on the go. In Peru, a lot of people get their breakfast from any little breakfast cart on the street. Most offer a few types of drinks which are really good for you such as quinua (KEE-nwah), quaker (KWAH-ker) which is a drinkable form of oatmeal, maca (MAH-ka) with or without milk, and emoliente (eh-moh-LIEN-teh). Quinua, quaker, and emoliente are my favorites but it all depends on how the person made it because it's not always good. The drinks are usually S/.80 cents each and almost always come with a refill. These little carts also offer sandwiches of all sorts. You can choose from sandwiches that have slices of fried sweet potato, or a fried egg, or fried egg with chives or broccoli, or avocado on sourdough bread all for S/.80 cents each. You can also get tuna on bread but it's a bit more. A sandwich and a drink will cost you S/1.60 which is the equivalent to 58 cents right now. At times, the drink can even cost you just 50 cents but this is most common in places outside of Lima. Breakfast in the streets is usually served from 6-9 a.m. but it can sometimes go on until 10 a.m.

• BREAKFAST IN RESTAURANTS. If you go into a cheap little restaurant then you can find just about the same thing but it's definitely not as cheap. Prices range from district to district depending on how much you want to eat, what specials they have, etc but it's usually all under 15 soles. A lot of small restaurants in tourist areas also offer "American" breakfast as well. For those of you who skipped all the delicious food I described above to read this part, just take a deep breath. If you're staying in a hotel that provides room service then they'll probably have "normal" breakfast available. McDonalds is also an option lol. Of course, fast food places here are pretty expensive unless they have some sort of special going on.
  

WHAT ABOUT LUNCH?

• ON A TIGHT BUDGET? One of the things you've got to love about Peru is how cheap the food is here. You can get lunch for under 3 bucks! The cheapest lunch you can get around, also referred to as menu (meh-NU), costs 5 soles and consists of a refresco (reh-FRES-koh), something to drink, usually a homemade herbal drink, an entrada (en-TRAH-dah: starter), and a segundo (seh-GOON-doh: main course) which is sometimes referred to as plato fondo (PLAH-toh FONE-doh) and sometimes a small postre (POHS-treh: dessert). Now I'm not saying it's always good or that the "restaurant" is nice and clean, but you can get pretty decent meals and hey, if you're looking to save a lot of money, then this is the way to go. Not every district has 5 sol lunches. The average price is 5-10 soles but it can be a little more. 

• TIGHT BUDGET AND YOU DON'T LIKE PERUVIAN FOOD? Although I find this to be unlikely, a lot of fast food chains are now offering specials, so you can get something to eat  for about 7-10 sols. That doesn't always include a drink and it's not a whole lot either.You definitely need to try BEMBOS (BEHM-bohs) if you're going to eat fast food. 

• HAVE SOME SPENDING MONEY? You can find a lot of decent restaurants which offer menus for 20-30 soles. These slightly more expensive menus usually offer a soda and dessert and are definitely much nicer than the cheap little restaurants. If there is no menu available, your meal is still likely to cost less than 40 soles depending on the prices of the starters and drinks. 

            *NOTE: Menus are usually sold from 12-3 p.m. Monday through Saturday only. They can
                          sometimes be sold a bit earlier and last until 4 p.m. It's really until the food runs out. If you
                          miss menu time then you're out of luck.You have to pay separately for everything and
                          sometimes they don't have food ready for a couple of hours.

Larcomar

• MONEY'S NOT A PROBLEM? Then there are plenty of nice restaurants for you to eat at. If you want to eat in a place overlooking the beach in Miraflores, then you can head over to Larcomar which is a shopping center in front of the Marriott hotel but you actually have to walk down to get into it. Depending on where you eat, prices can range from 15 to over 100 soles. There's also a restaurant called La Rosa Naútica which was built on a pier and can be seen from Larcomar. I haven't been there yet so I can't really say anything about the food or service. 

La Rosa Naútica

WHAT TO EAT FOR DINNER?

• At home, Peruvians usually have dinner between 8-10 p.m. which is unusual to some. We usually have leftovers from lunch or something else is made. At night, there are plenty of restaurants both cheap and expensive, opened until at least 11. If you don't want a full course meal, we have a lot of sandwich places around as well. Dinner in a restaurant can be the most expensive meal of the day because you have to pay for everything separately if you're eating in a nice restaurant. Don't worry because it can still only cost between 20-30 sols and in a lot of cases you can find it for less but that's highly unlikely in hot tourist spots.

TRANSPORTATION IN LIMA

As I said in one of my previous posts, you can always take a taxi from the street or call a taxi company. Most tourists usually hire a taxi service because they don't know how to get around and because they've heard Lima's dangerous. I personally think Lima isn't as dangerous as people make it out to be. You just have to be careful is all. Common sense goes a long way here. Miraflores, San Isidro (sahn-ee-SEE-droh), San Borja (sahn BORha), and Surco are generally safe but it's always best to keep an eye open just in case. If you go to any other district, then you definitely want to keep a look out for suspicious activity.

TAKING BUSES....

    WHAT DO THEY LOOK LIKE?

• If you have never taken a bus in Peru then you're in for a real surprise. Buses here come in a variety of colors and sizes. In Peru, people refer to all buses as carros or "cars" in English. We have four different kinds of buses and sometimes they have different names. The really small ones are called combis (KOHM-bees). The medium-sized ones that are round-ish in the front like in the picture to the right are sometimes referred to as cousters (KOO-sters). The really big buses like in the picture are called omnibuses (OHM-nee-boos-siz). The ones that are slightly smaller than the omnibus but still rectangular shaped with no curves are micros (MEE-krows) but they're still much bigger than combis so I don't understand why they gave it that name. Don't worry about remembering the correct name for each type of bus. Just refer to them as carros and everyone will understand. It's pretty difficult having to get into a combi because they are ridiculously tiny! You literally have to hunch over to get into your seat if you're more than five feet tall. A great majority of the buses are old buses and they're usually in really bad condition. I don't think they do the maintenance on them like they should. You will see a lot of buses that  have that black smoke stuff come out of the exhaust, which is probably the main reason why Lima has a wonderful gray cloud looming over it and I can never see beautiful blue skies.

    ARE THEY COMFORTABLE?

• Buses in Lima can be extremely uncomfortable sometimes. Especially in the summer because of all the heat and smelly armpits. I literally have to hold my breath for as long as I can sometimes until the smelly man next to me gets off. No street buses have air conditioning. When a bus gets packed, it gets REALLY packed! To better explain myself, imagine being pressed up against strangers in an elevator that has a maximum capacity of 15 people. That's kind of what it's like here except in our imaginary elevator, the people have their faces pressed against the walls because we have twenty-five people on instead of fifteen. Buses which have those little cash machine things in them don't exist here. A cobrador (koh-brah-DORE), the person who charges you the bus fare and is usually standing at the bus door, will try to get as many people on as possible, because the more people they have on the bus, the more money they make. Don't panic because the buses aren't always packed. This mostly happens during rush hour which is early in the mornings from 7-9:30 or in the afternoons from 5-9.  The cobrador walks around the bus every few minutes to charge you the appropriate fare and give you your bus ticket. 

    HOW MUCH IS THE BUS FARE?

• To most places it's a sol, depending on the bus company, which is usually a 45 minute bus ride or more than 10 blocks. The cobradores will usually ask you "¿dónde?" which means "where?" and you just tell them your bus stop or the block number of the street you're going to. If you didn't give them enough money then they'll either tell you how much more you need to give them or just the total price. 

ARE THEY SAFE?

• No, not really. As I said before, most of them are old and they don't do maintenance on them like they should. What makes matters worse, is that bus drivers here actually compete with each other. They speed and cut each other off all the time just to get as many passengers as possible. They'll also zigzag through traffic, abruptly stop because of speeding, therefore making you go flying forward, bumping into people, stepping on their feet, etc. Not to mention almost crashing into each other or running over pedestrians all the time. A lot of people lose their lives everyday because of bus accidents. If you don't feel safe on a bus because the bus driver is driving like a maniac, then get off and take another one or a taxi. 

     WHAT'S THE "METROPOLITANO?"

•  The Metropolitano is a bus system created by the ex mayor of Lima, Luis Castañeda Lossio. It goes through via Expresa, which is a highway. This bus system was officially inaugurated last June and was free for a month. I believe the route takes you from the district called Chorrillos, which is in the south, to Comas, in the north. They have a regular bus and an express bus. The fare for the regular bus is S/1.50. I'm not sure how much it costs to get on the express bus. The regular bus stops at all bus stops whereas the express stops at about 5 stops or so. You need to have a bus card. The card doesn't cost you anything, but you have to put a minimum of 5 soles on the card if you're getting it for the first time. There are instructions in Spanish on how to get a card and how to put money on it. There's usually an employee there to help you if you're having trouble. 

• Once you have your card, all you have to do is swipe it so you can go through the turnstile and walk to the correct platform (sometimes there are two boarding platforms) and the correct side of the bus platform since you can take buses from either side depending on if you're going north or south. If you're not sure which side you have to take the bus from or which bus you have to take, just ask an employee. If you already have a card but no more money on it then all you have to do is re-charge it by using one of the machines on the side. I believe the buses run from 7a.m.-9 p.m. They can really save you a lot of time! If I take a regular bus from via Expresa in Surquillo (sur-KEE-yoh) to downtown Lima, it takes 45 minutes to over an hour, whereas the Metropolitano takes just under 15 minutes. The best part is that these buses come every five minutes or less. Taking them during rush hour can be a bit of a pain because they also get packed,  more than a hundred people can be on one of these buses at a time, but at least you don't usually have much of a wait.

 TAXIS...

• Street taxis also come in all shapes in sizes. You have to be careful about the taxis you get in. Rule of thumb for Peruvians is, if he has an untrustworthy face then don't get in. Just as buses in Lima, taxi drivers are also dangerous behind the wheel. The first time I rode in a Mexican taxi I felt I was gonna have a heart attack but after a while I got used to it. However, when I came to Peru in 2009, I realized my Beaner friends had nothing on us Peruvians. These people drive like they're in a NASCAR or Formula 1 competition. Ask the driver to slow down if you feel uncomfortable, although I doubt he'll be happy about it and probably argue. For more information about taxi rates, etc please look at my previous post for more information. 

THE ELECTRIC TRAIN...

• Ex president Garcia started this project back in the 1980s during his first term in office. He started it again a litter over a year and a half ago and didn't get to finish it before the end of his second term but he still inaugurated it before he left office lol. Once it's finish, people estimate sometime in October, the fare will be around 1.50. I'm not sure what the route is going to be like but I'll post something as soon as it's up and running.

LAGUNA LLANGANUCO TOUR...DAY 2

The night before our tour, Danny and I had realized we had forgotten to pack my camera charger so we decided to get up extra early so we could have time to look around for another one. We found a weird charger shaped like a little cell phone in a Kodak photo store less than a block from our hostel for S/10. Since we had a little extra time, we decided to have breakfast at one of those little breakfast carts that was almost right in front of the hostel. An elderly woman was selling sandwiches and drinks for S/.80 each. We ate very quickly and headed back to the hostel because we hadn't see our tour bus stop by to pic us up. The receptionist old us we had missed it and gave us directions to the office nearby. We ran most of the way over there. Luckily, it was only 3 blocks away. We made it just in time because we were the last ones to get on the big yellow bus. We managed to find two empty seats in the back next to a few European tourists and within a few minutes, we were off. Our tour guide began speaking in Spanish and telling us stories. We thought he was going to translate what he was saying afterwards so we didn't really pay much attention but after about 15 minutes we realized the tour was going to be in Spanish the entire time.

Carhuaz Main Square

On our way to our first stop, Carhuaz (kar-WHAS), a city just 34 km from Huaraz, our tour guide told us about the wonderful fruit ice creams made and sold there. The ice cream is actually made from real fruit. It's thicker than the regular ice cream. The guide only gave us about 20 minutes to walk around, get ice creams and take pictures. He made it very clear that if we weren't back in time, we'd be left behind and would have to find our way back to Huaraz. We stopped at a very small ice cream stand. The woman gave us two cups of ice cream for S/2.50. We could choose 3 flavors for that price. Some of my ice cream was really good but not all of it. The main square wasn't much to look a. A lot of people in the area had traditional clothing on.

There also were a few little souvenir shops nearby. The guide called us back in but a few people were missing. He waited about two minutes for them but they never showed, so we continued without them to Yungay (yoon-GUY). A city that was almost completely wiped out by a mudslide in 1970.









At Yungay we had to pay S/2 to get into the historical. I don't remember how much it was for kids. We had to run a little catch up to our group. We stopped about 500 meters in to listen to a local talk about the tragic event that occurred in May, 1970. He had a book with old pictures that weren't very good. We mostly listened to him tell the story. A brief summary is that on May 31st, 1970, a 45 second 8.0 earthquake off the coast, caused 10 thousand tons of ice to break off of El Nevado Huascarán (whas-kah-RAHN: Mount Huascaran). The earthquake caused almost all of the houses to instantly come crumbling down and a smoke cloud covered the city within seconds. At the same time, the ice that had broken off the mountain had started rolling downhill, picking up dirt and anything else in it's path, heading towards the city. Three minutes after the earthquake started, the 20,000 or so people that had inhabited Yungay were dead. Less than 400 of it's inhabitants survived. For the full story, check out this link.
 

Yungay Cemetery

After he finished telling us the story, the guide told us the local accepted tips lol. We continued walking until we got to Yungay cemetery, where some people fled to the day of the earthquake and survived.

It's a little tiring going up the steps to the Christ statue (Christo de Yungay). I was huffing and puffing on the way up which amazed me since I had been running a lot the months prior to the trip. Our guide told us not to breathe so heavily because according to the people who live in the area, those who have difficult breathing are unfaithful people :P so we all tried to breathe as normally as possible after that lol. From the top you have a nice view of the area. After about 15 minutes, we began walking down and followed our guide to the area which used to be the main square.

The bus remains

On the way, we stopped where a crushed bus from the day of the earthquake was. A big bus, like the ones you take to travel around Peru or what the British refer to as "coaches," had been crushed by the immense pressure of the mudslide.

After we saw what used to the the old main square and the famous 4 remaining palm trees, it was time to go to Laguna Llanganuco.

The cathedral remains.

View of the area

The bus had to take a sort of zig-zag route all the way up to El Parque Nacional Huascarán (Huascaran National Park). When we arrived at El Parque Nacional Huascarán (Huascaran National Park) we had to pay 5 soles to get into the park. Our guide came by our seats to collect the money and then we were off again. Within a few minutes, we were at Laguna Llanganuco, 3,850 meters above sea level.

Our guide told us we only had 45 minutes and gave us two options. The first option was to take a little boat ride at an additional cost. The boat ride lasted 30 minutes and I don't remember how much extra it was. The second option was to hike around the area which would take us about 20 minutes or so, so it was impossible to do both.

 

Here's a video I found that shows what the lagoon looks like.

We decided to go hike around because it was an ugly, cloudy day so we weren't really intrigued by the boat ride since the water didn't look as beautiful as it normally does. We began walking along a trail and it was a little hard to breathe. About halfway along the trail, there was a area with a sort of mini-dock where you could walk out a little into the lagoom. When we finally finished exploring, we headed back to the front because there were some provincianas selling food and we were starving. It was around 3 p.m. and we weren't gonna get to eat for another 90 minutes or so. They had emoliente to drink, corn on the cob and cuy (guinea pig). The had some other things but I don't remember what else. The potatoes that came with the cuy were pretty good but I was afraid to eat the actual cuy. Daniel liked it and gave me a piece. It was pretty ok. It had a smoked taste to it. Three minutes later our guide was calling us back to the bus and I asked him to take a few pictures of us. He ended up making us pose for three pictures lol. I hadn't expected him to be so nice. We got on the bus again and were on our way to Caraz (kah-RAS), my grandmother's hometown. We stopped at this "resort" that had a restaurant. We had an hour for our extremely late lunch because by then it was probably close to 5 and then we went to a place that made different types of manjar blanco (MAHN-har BLAHN-koh). We were there for about 20 minutes, trying the different types of manjar. From the store, we could see one of the mountains. I don't know which one it was but it was pretty. We got back on the bus to go to our last stop before heading back to Huaraz.

A few minutes into our journey we stopped to look at two mountain peaks. It was getting dark quickly and a couple of tourists were getting really upset about not having arrived at that spot earlier to take pictures because by then it was pretty dark. We continued on and about an hour later we stopped at this small craft store. We got to watch a craftsman make a clay teapot with an opening at the bottom of the pot and a lid that was unremovable. The design made it so that you had to fill it up from the bottom. It was pretty cool actually. I wanted to buy one so badly but I thought it was going to make my bag weigh more than it was supposed to at the airport and they were going to charge me for the extra weight. We left after about 30 minutes and that was the end of our first tour. We arrived in Huaraz around 8 I think and were extremely tired. We had to be up early again the next day for our next tour, the Chavin de Huantar Ruins.

TRAVELING TO THE MOUTAINS...DAY 1

Back in May, my fiance, Daniel, and I went to the city of Huaraz (wha-RAS) which is in the Ancash (AHN-kahsh) department. We were originally planning on going to Cuzco to see Machu Picchu and all that other good stuff but traveling there is much more expensive when you're a foreigner and if you haven't paid a lot of money to book a tour, then trying to save money by reserving things on your own can be hell. Enough digressing...

Ancash is a "state" north of Lima situated between the Pacific Ocean and the Marañon River. Its capital is Huaraz which is 3,090 meters above sea level (10,138 ft). Huaraz is found in the Callejón de Huaylas,(kah-yeh-HONE deh WHY-las) which I guess could be translated to Huaylas Valley. This valley is situated between the Cordillera Blanca and Cordillera Negra, (kor-dee-YEH-rah BLAHN-kah/NEH-grah) which means the white mountain range, as this side has snow covered peaks and the black mountain range, no snow at all. The Cordillera Negra is closest to the Ocean and therefore protects the Cordillera Blanca from any possible winds that might threaten to melt the mountain peaks. Tourism isn't extremely popular here when compared to Cuzco, but tourists still go and are captivated by the beautiful landscapes the Peruvian mountains have to offer. 

My grandmother is from Ancash. She's from a city called Caraz (kah-RAS) just 66 km (41 miles) north of Huaraz. She's always talked to me about Ancash and since my plans to go to Cuzco had been ruined, I decided to get to know the place she came from. In addition to that, I just wanted to go anywhere outside of Lima where I could see blue skies and breathe fresh air. 

HOW TO GET THERE.

There are two forms of transportation to Huaraz. By bus and by plane. My boss told me about LC Busre airlines. I believe it's the only airline that goes to Huaraz. The tickets are a little expensive because to fly within Peru the tickets are usually less than $90 for a round-trip flight, tax included for a Peruvian citizen or resident. The cheapest LC Busre tickets are $130-170 with tax and the flight takes an hour as opposed to an almost 10 hour bus ride. I don't mind traveling by bus because you can see the scenery during the day but I wanted to save time. 


Our flight was scheduled to leave at 810 a.m. so we got up at 5 a.m. because we wanted to be there a least 90 minutes before the flight left. We've had plenty of trouble with airlines not letting us on because we showed up at check-in 50 minutes before the flight left. Where I live, it's a little difficult to get a taxi from the street really early in the morning because the main avenue is a few blocks away so make sure when you travel early in the morning, you either call a taxi service the night before or have plenty of time to walk over to the main streets where you can find a taxi. Since there was no traffic, we managed to get there in exactly 30 minutes. We checked in and went upstairs to go through security. At Jorge Chavez Airport, both national and international outgoing flights go to the same area upstairs to go through security and take their flights. The line was somewhat long but it moved pretty quickly. According to my fiance, Peru's great at getting you through security when you're leaving because it's how he manages to catch his flight just in the nick of time since he's almost always running late. What can I say? No one likes leaving me :P If you have a navel ring, I suggest you take it off as well when you go through the metal detector because they'll make you take your sandals off the second time you go through. 

A bus came over to our gate to take us to the plane. It was a jet plane and since there were a few empty seats, we sat where we wanted. Each seat had a small snack box which contained a juice box, some saltine crackers, a chocolate bar and ear plugs. Within less than 10 minutes we were off on our journey. When we were about 15 minutes away from landing, the Cordillera Blanca became visible. The mountain range was beautiful but I honestly think it must have looked much more beautiful in the past when there was more snow. 

Anta Airport. Looks like a small house from here.

The airport was really small and it didn't take long for us to get our things. There are big, clean bathrooms and a small "café." I hadn't planned anything besides the flight so when we walked out of the airport, we didn't know where to go. The plane actually lands in Anta, a small village in the Carhuaz (kar-WHAS) Province. There were a few taxis outside but we had no idea how much they charged and they kind of ignored us since we didn't look like "gringos." I asked an airport employee how I could get to Huaraz and he told me to walk over to the street and cross the road, which is where I took this picture from, so I could take a bus. He told me the bus fare was S/2.50 each and that the bus ride took about 30 minutes. We followed his directions and a slightly bigger micro bus came within a few minutes. On the bus there were a lot of provincianos (proh-veen-SEEAH-nohs), people from provinces that are usually dressed in traditional clothing. 

When we finally got to our stop, we weren't sure of where we were. I asked a couple of people before we got off just to make sure. We were at a bus stop and everything around us looked dirty. I had thought it wasn't going to be hard to find a hotel in Huaraz. Most places with a lot of tourism have streets filled with hotels and hostels. I asked a woman where I could find a cheap hostal (oh-STAHL: hostel) and she pointed to an area that didn't give me a good vibe. Luckily, I had internet on my phone so I decided to look up something on the internet. We walked around looking for a locutorio (low-koo-TOR-eeoh: a phone booth shop) to call the hostels I had found on the internet. I'm terrible at understanding directions over the phone when I don't know an area and somehow we ended up taking a mototaxi (moh-toh-taxi) to one of the places. Danny, being the bright apple that he is, wanted to put our bags in the back of the taxi. I swear, you would have thought he would have learned how to be careful by now as many times as he's been here. I wanted to smack him. Mototaxis are really tiny but we had no other choice but to carry our bags with us in the taxi because someone could have easily stolen our bags. Just because you're in the country doesn't mean you're safe. We took the taxi to a church and started looking for the hostels we had called when we got out. A man saw us standing around and approached us, asking us if we were looking for somewhere to stay. We asked him for directions and he told us that the hostels were just around the corner but that they were probably full and he had a hostel close by we could stay at, at a good price. I wanted to check out the other hostels before I went with him to compare our options. We ended up taking a taxi over to his hostel because one hostel was packed and the other was S/70 a night and it wasn't all that nice. He offered us the room for 30 sols a night even though on the wall it said S/40. We went upstairs to see our room on the fourth floor and it had a wonderful view of the Cordillera Blanca. The room wasn't bad. It had a dresser, a nice bathroom, tv, and a decent bed. We figured it was good enough for at least that one night because we didn't feel like carrying our bags around anymore. We went back downstairs to finish checking in and he ended up talking to us about the different tours we could take since he also worked with a tour company. He wanted to charge us 120 sols each for three tours. Almost everything is negotiable in Peru, so he ended up giving us the three tours for S/110 each. We were scheduled to go to Laguna Llanganuco (lah-GOO-nah yeeahn-gaah-NOOH-koh: Llanganuco Lagoon), the Chavin de Huantar Ruins (chaah-VEEN deh WAHN-tar), Nevado Pastoruri (neh-VAH-doh pahs-tor-RU-ree: Pastoruri Glacier). We headed up to our room to get settled. Anytime you go to a place that has a much higher altitude than what you're used to, it's important to take it easy the first day you're there so you acclimate.

View of the Cordillera Blanca. It looks better in person.

Once we put our stuff away, we passed out as soon as we laid on the bed. We hadn't got much sleep the night before. Late in the afternoon when we finally woke up, we walked around a little to explore the city. We didn't want to stray too far from the hostel because we weren't exactly sure where we were. It took about two days to realize that we were only 3 or 4 blocks away from the main square and the main street in Huaraz, Av. Toribio de Luzuriaga (loose-oo-REEAH-gaah). It's Av. Luzuriaga for short. Our receptionist had told us at check-in, to be ready by 8 a.m. the next day for our first tour, Laguna Llanganuco. So we went to sleep before midnight.

ARRIVING IN LIMA....HOW TO GET AROUND

For first time travelers in Lima, it can turn out to be the experience of a lifetime or one you'll somewhat regret because of complications during your trip.

You'll first arrive at Jorge Chavez Airport in El Callao (pronounced kah-YAOW). It's a bit overwhelming because once you go through customs and walk out of the door, you'll see a large crowd of people waiting for their loved ones and  there will  be many people in the front holding up name cards of people they're there to pick up. I remember when I first arrived I was so confused. I couldn't see my family but I just kept walking like I knew where I was going :P You can exchange your money at a small exchange desk that's directly in front of the door from which you come out of. I'm not sure how many feet away it is but just keep walking straight and you should get to it in about a minute. It's close to the escalator you see in the picture. If you have no one waiting for you, then as soon as you walk out of the door, you can walk to the exit doors directly to your right so you avoid the crowd.


NEED TRANSPORTATION FROM THE AIRPORT? YOU HAVE A FEW OPTIONS:

• Take a taxi directly from the airport. Those guys are right outside the airport exit doors and they have prices posted on a board that tell you the fares for each district. It's also much safer to go with them. However, they tend to charge you 10 or more sols (that's the currency here) than a taxi driver from the street would. 

• If you're trying to save some money, then you can walk out of the airport and walk towards the street. Just turn to the right and follow the sidewalk until you get to the airport entrance.You can use the luggage cart thing most of the way but you can't take it out of airport property which means you will have to carry your bags for about less than two minutes to the bus stop that's on your right. If you're confused now, don't worry because as soon as you pick your bags up to start walking, some men are probably going to walk towards you or they may even already be there asking you "taxi? taxi?" They'll also help you carry your bags. 

• If you're a backpacker and you're REALLY trying to save as much as possible, then you can always take a bus from outside the airport entrance as well. Most tourists stay in Miraflores. There's this one combi (KOHM-bee), a small bus, I know of that you can take. It's mostly white and red with some black. If you have any doubts about where the bus is going, just ask the cobrador (koh-brah-DORE) the person charging you the bus fare, and he'll tell you. The last time I went, the fare was S/2.50 to Miraflores. These buses are tiny so it may be a little uncomfortable but they get you to Miraflores in about less than 30 minutes early in the morning. I've never taken one at night.

*NOTE: You can always negotiate the price of the taxi fare with the street taxi drivers. The fee they tell you initially is usually slightly higher because if you're willing to pay it, then it's better for them but if not then you can always get him to bring it down to the normal fare. Taxi fares are a little more expensive during rush hour times. To have an idea of what the normal fare is, ask a few taxis before you decide to get into one. You can even ask the airport employees that are at the airport entrance preventing you from taking the luggage carts before you go to the taxi/bus stop area. Whatever taxi you take, make sure to put any valuable bags/purses that you take with you in the front, on the floor as a precaution. Some people will break windows to steal your things. I'm not saying it always happens but it's better to be safe than sorry.

Once you begin taking street taxis it's EXTREMELY important that you ALWAYS ask how much the fare for a taxi is going to be before you get in it. Foreigners usually get charged much more because they are thought to have lots of money. I can not stress how important it is to have a general idea of what the normal fare is. I went on vacation two months ago to the mountains and two tourists got charged 60 soles to be taken to the airport when the original fare was only 20. Also make sure you give them some sort of reference to a main street and tell them which block it's on or close to. If you don't know or you forgot to ask the receptionist from the hotel or hostel you're going to be staying at, then look up the address here. Even if you DO know the address, it's always nice to have an idea of where you're going.

To get a map for an address in Lima, just follow these simple steps.

1. Select the name of the district you're going to in "Buscar en."

2. Type in the street name where it says "Calle." Don't forget to include whether it's an Av (Avenida), Jr (Jiron), Ca (Calle), Psje (Pasaje).

3. Type in the block number where it says "Cuadra."

4. Click on "Buscar" and you should have a list of addresses appear underneath.

5. Click on the one that best applies to you. A map will appear on the right.

So just to be clear. If you need to get to Av. Arequipa 4736, then type in the following information like so. I can now tell my taxi driver that I need to get to the 47th block of Arequipa and that it's close to Av. Angamos.

Street taxis can be a little dangerous in Lima, so if you don't feel comfortable just getting into any taxi then you can call a taxi company for one. Two common companies are Taxi Seguro and Taxi Satelital. I believe both of those taxi companies have small vehicles enough for two people with three or four suitcases depending on the size. If you need a bigger vehicle then please look at the previous link. They usually charge 60 soles or more depending on how many people they need to pick up.

Most tourists choose to stay in safer districts such as Miraflores and San Isidro. In some cases, Barranco, San Borja and Surco are also potential options. San Borja is about 30 minutes from the airport without traffic. With traffic, it can be more than an hour. The cheapest taxi fare from the airport to San Borja is 25 soles.
I assume going to San Isidro is between 25-30 soles and to Miraflores it should be between 25-35 depending on where you want to go. I'm sure you can find it even cheaper though. Taxi drivers tend to charge a little more for Miraflores and San Isidro because "rich" people live there or stay there.








USEFUL PHRASES:

IN THE TAXI.

Buenos dias/buenas tardes/buenas noches ¿Cuánto me cobra a la cuadra (20) de (Arequipa)?
Good morning/afternoon/evening. How much will you charge me to block 20 of Arequipa? 

Está cerca de....
It's close to...

Nada menos?
Nothing less?

______________________________________________________________________________________
ON THE BUS.

¿Va a ....(Miraflores)?
Do you go to...(Miraflores)?


Me avisas por favor
Let me know when we're there please.

¿A (San Borja) cuánto?
How much is it to San Borja? 


¿A que parte de..... (Angamos/San Isidro)?
Where exactly on (Angamos)?
Where exactly in (San Isidro)? 

______________________________________________________________________________________
IN THE STREET.

Disculpa, usted sabe cuánto es de aqui hasta (el centro de Lima) en carro/taxi?
Excuse me, do you know how much it is from here to (Downtown Lima) by bus/taxi?


Una consulta, usted sabe que carro tengo que tomar para ir a .....(Barranco)?
Quick question, do you know which bus I have to take to get to....(Barranco)?